Evaluating the Science Conference 2011

At the Evaluating the Science Conference in 2011 for Vaccine Safety the following was presented for review.

1. Luigi Franchi and Gabriel Núñez The NLRP3 Inflammasome is Critical for Alum-Mediated IL-1β Secretion but Dispensable for Adjuvant Activity Eur J Immunol. 2008 August ; 38(8): 2085–2089. doi:10.1002/eji.200838549.

2. Fiona A. Sharpa, Darren Ruanea, Benjamin Claassa, et al. Uptake of particulate vaccine adjuvants by dendritic cells activates the NALP3 inflammasome. PNAS 106: 870-875.

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18. Olney JW. New insights and new issues in developmental neurotoxicology. Neurotoxicol.2002;23:659-668.

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24. Fatemi SH, Halt AR, Stary JM, Kanodia R, Schulz SC, Realmuto GR. Glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 and 67 kDa proteins are reduced in autistic parietal and cerebellar cortices. Biol Psychiatry. 2002:52:805-810.

25. Eastman CL, Urbanska E, Love A, Kristensson K, Schwarcz R. Increased brain quinolinic acid production in mice infected with a hamster neurotropic measles virus. Exp Neurol.1994;125:119- 124.

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33. Malek-Ahmadi. Cytokines and etiopathogenesis of pervasive developmental disorders. Med Hypotheses. 2001;56:321-324.

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35. Turowski RC, Triozzi PL. Central nervous system toxicities of cytokine therapy, In: Plotnikoff NP, Faith RE, Murgo AJ, Good RA, eds. Cytokines Stress and Immunity. Boca Raton: CRC Press; 1999:93-114.

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38. Fine C, Lumsden J, Blair RJR. Dissociation between “theory of mind” and executive functions in a patient with early left amygdala damage. Brain. 2001:124:287-298.

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41. Baron-Cohen S, Ring HA, Bullmore ET, Wheelwright S, Ashwin C, Williams SC. The amygdala theory of autism [review]. Neurosci Biobehav Rev.2000; 24:355-364.

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45. Pierce K, Courchesne E. Evidence for a cerebellar role in reduced exploration and stereotyped behavior in autism. Biol Psychiatry. 2001;49:655-664.

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49. Neumann H, Schweigreiter R, Yamashita T, Rosenkranz K, Wekerle H, Barde Y-A. Tumor necrosis factor inhibits neurite outgrowth and branching of hippocampal neurons by a rhodependent mechanism. J Neurosci.2002;22:854-862.

50. Gonzalez-Burgos I, Perez-Vega MI, Beas-Zarate C. Neonatal exposure to monosodium glutamate induces cell death and dendritic hypotrophy in rat prefrontocortical pyramidal neurons. Neurosci Lett.2001;297:69-72.

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52. Adamson DC, Kopnisky KL, Dawson TM, Dawson VL. Mechanisms and structural determinants of HIV-1 coat protein, gp41-induced neurotoxicity. J Neurosci.1999;19:64-71.

53. Arai K, Matsuki N, Ikegaya Y, Nishiyama N. Deterioration of spatial learning performances in lipopolysacchride-treated mice. Jpn J Pharmacol.2001;87: 195-201.

54. Broderick PA. Interleukin 1 alpha alters hippocampal serotonin and norepinephrine release during open-field behavior in Sprague-Dawley animals: differences from the Fawn-Hooded animal model of depression. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 2002;26:1355-1372.

55. Beas-Zarate C, Riverera-Huizar SV, Martinez-Contreras A, Feria-Velasco A, Armendariz-Borunda J. Changes in NMDA receptor gene expression are associated with neurotoxicity induced neonatally by glutamate in the rat brain. Neurochem Int.2001;39:1-10.

56. Lellouch-Tubiana A, Fohlen M, Robain O, Rozenberg F. Immunocytochemical characterization of long-term persistant immune activation in human brain after herpes simplex encephalitis. Neuropath Appl Neurobiol 2000; 26:285-294.

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58. Booss J, Davis LE. Smallpox and smallpox vaccination: neurological implications. Neurology. 2003;60:1241-1245.

59. Kimura T, Griffin DE. Extensive immune-mediated hippocampal damage in mice surviving infection with neuroadapted Sindbis virus. Virol. 2003;311:28-39.

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61. Perry VH. Persistent pathogens in the parenchyma of the brain. J Neurovirol. 2000;6:(suppl):S86-S89.

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65. Shel L. Autistic disorder and the endogenous opioid system. Med Hypotheses. 1997; 48:413-414.

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67. Volta U, DeGiorgio R, Petrolini N, Stangbellini V, Barbara G, Granito A, De Ponti F, Corinaldesi R, Bianchi FB. Clinical findings and anti-neuronal antibodies in coelic disease with neurological findings. Scand J Gastroenterol.2002;37:1276-1281.

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69. Blaylock RL. The central role of excitotoxicity in autism spectrum disorders. JANA. 2003;6:7-19. 70. Donnelly S, Loscher CE, Lynch MA, Mills KH. Whole-cell but not acellular pertussis vaccines induce convulsive activity in mice: evidence of a role for toxin-induced interleukin- 1beta in a new murine model for analysis of neuronal side effects of vaccination. Infect Immunol.2001;69:4217-4223.

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73. Havarinasab S et al. Immunosuppressive and autoimmune effects of thimerosal in mice. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2005;204:109–21.

74. Hornig M, Chian D, Lipkin WJ. Neurotoxic effect of postnatal thimerosal are mouse strain dependent. Mol Psychiatry 2004;9:833–45.

75. Tishler M, Shoenfeld Y. Vaccination may be associated with autoimmune disease. Isr Med Assoc J 2004;6:430–2.

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78. McGeer PL and McGeer EG. Autotoxicity and Alzheimer Disease. 2000; 57;289–90.

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82. Martin OC et al. Hepatitis B immunization induces higher antibody and memory Th2 responses in newborns than adults. Vaccine 2004;22:511– 9.

83. Jyonouchi H et al. Proinflammatory and regulatory cytokine production associated with innate and adaptive immune responses in children with autism spectrum disorders and developmental regression. J Neuroimmunol 2001;120:170–9.

84. Kerdile YM et al. Immunosuppression by measles virus: role of viral proteins. Rev Med Virol 2006;16:49–63.

85. Miller NZ. Vaccine Safety Manuel: For Concerned Families and Health Practioners. New Atlantean Press, NM, 2008.

86. Strunecka A, Patocka J, Blaylock RL et al. Fluoride interactions: from molecules to disease. Current Signal Transduction Therapy 2007; 2(3):190–213.

87. Block ML, Zecca L, Hong J-S. Microglia-mediated neurotoxicity: uncovering the molecular mechanisms. Nature Reviews/Neuroscience 2007 Sept.;8:57–69.

88. Lemstra AW et al. Microglia activation in sepsis: a case-control study. J Neuroinflamm 207;4:4

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90. Cunningham C et al. Central and systemic endotoxin challenges exacerbate the local inflammatory responses and increased neuronal death during chronic neurodegeneration. J Neurosci 2005; 25:9275–84.

91. Vargas DL et al. Neuroglial activation and neuroinflammation in the brain of patients with autism. Ann Neurol 2005;57:67–81.

92. Lewine JD et al. Magnetoencephalographic patterns of epileptiform activity in children with regressive autism spectrum disorders. Pediatrics 1999; 104:405–15.

93. Auvin S et al. Inflammation exacerbates seizure-induced injury in the immature brain. Epilepsia 2007;48: 27–34.

94. Heyes MP et al. Human microglia convert L-tryptophan into neurotoxin quinolinic acid. Biochem J 1996; 320: 595-597.

95. Bar-Peled O et al. Distribution of glutamate transporter subtypes during human brain development. J Neurochem 1997;69:2571–80.

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99. Maslinska D et al. Morphological forms and localizations of microglial cells in the developing human cerebellum. Folia Neuropathol 1998; 36:145–51.

100. Schlett K. Glutamate as a modulator of embryonic and adult neurogenesis. Curr Top Med Chem 2006;6:949–60.

101. Schwab JM et al. IL-6 is differentially expressed in the developing human fetal brain by microglial cells in zones of neuropoesis. In J Dev Neurosci 2001;114:232–41.

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104. Aarum J et al. Migration and differentiation of neural precursor cells can be directed by microglia. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2003;100:15983–8.

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107. Bauman M, Kemper TL. Developmental cerebellar abnormalities: a consistent finding in early infantile autism. Neurology 1986;36(Suppl 1):190.

108. Courchesne E. Brainstem cerebellar and limbic neuroanatomical abnormalities in autism. Curr Opin Neurobiol 1997;7:269–78.

109. Taylor DL et al. Stimulation of microglial metabotropic glutamate receptor mGlu2 triggers tumor necrosis factor -induced neurotoxicity in concert with microglial-derived Fas ligand. J Neurosci 2005;25:2952–64.

110. Rothwell NJ. Cytokines—killers in the brain? J Physiol 1999;514:3–17.

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113. Burka SL et al. Maternal cytokine levels during pregnancy and adult psychosis. Brain Behav Immunol 2001;15: 411–20.

114. Brown AS et al. Elevated maternal interleukin-8 levels and risk of schizophrenia in adult offspring. Am J Psychiatry 2004;161:889–95.

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119. Gherardi RK et al. Macrophagic myofasciitis lesion assess long-term persistence of vaccine-derived aluminum hydroxide in muscle. Brain 2001;124:1821–31.

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125. Campbell A et al. Chronic exposure to aluminum in drinking water increases inflammatory parameters selectively in the brain. J Neuroscience Res 2004;75:565–72.

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127. Flarend RE, Hem SL, White JL, Elmore D, Suckow MA, Rudy AC, Dandashli EA. In vivo absorption of aluminum-containing vaccine adjuvants using 26Al. Vaccine 1997 Aug.-Sept.;15(12-13):1314–8.

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160. Dyatlov VA et al. neonatal lead exposure potentates sickness behavior by Listeria monocytogenes infection in mice. Brain Behav Immun 2002; 16:477–92.

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162. Campbell A. Inflammation, neurodegenerative diseases, and environmental exposures. Ann NY Acad Sci 2004; 1035: 117-32.

163. Tsunoda M, Sharma RP. Modulation of tumor necrosis factor alpha expression in mouse brain after exposure to aluminum in drinking water. Arch Toxicol 1999;73:419–26.

164. Perry VH et al. The impact of infection on the progression of neurodegenerative disease. Nature Rev Neuroscience 2003;4:103–12.

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166. McGeer PL, McGeer EG. Local neuroinflammation and progression of Alzheimer’s disease. J Neurovirology 202;8:529–38.

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171. Campbell A. The role of aluminum and copper on neuroinflammation and Alzheimer’s disease. J Alzheimers Dis. 2006;10(2-3):165-172.

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